#include <Energy.h>

Inherits PulseEnergySystem.

Public Member Functions
	~Energy (void)

void	Clear ()

void	Initialize ()
	Initializes system properties to valid homeostatic values. More...

void	SetUp ()
	Initializes the energy specific quantities. More...

void	AtSteadyState ()
	Applies an imposed dehydration time to the current fluid stores. More...

void	PreProcess ()
	Prepares the energy system for the circuit solver. More...

void	Process (bool solve_and_transport=true)
	Processes the temperature circuit and calculates extravascular transport. More...

void	PostProcess (bool solve_and_transport=true)
	Updates the parameters for the temperature circuit. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from PulseEnergySystem
	PulseEnergySystem (Logger *logger)

virtual	~PulseEnergySystem ()=default

virtual const SEScalar *	GetScalar (const std::string &name) override

Public Member Functions inherited from SEEnergySystem
	SEEnergySystem (Logger *logger)

virtual	~SEEnergySystem ()

virtual bool	HasAchievedExerciseLevel () const

virtual SEScalar0To1 &	GetAchievedExerciseLevel ()

virtual double	GetAchievedExerciseLevel () const

virtual bool	HasCoreTemperature () const

virtual SEScalarTemperature &	GetCoreTemperature ()

virtual double	GetCoreTemperature (const TemperatureUnit &unit) const

virtual bool	HasCreatinineProductionRate () const

virtual SEScalarAmountPerTime &	GetCreatinineProductionRate ()

virtual double	GetCreatinineProductionRate (const AmountPerTimeUnit &unit) const

virtual bool	HasExerciseMeanArterialPressureDelta () const

virtual SEScalarPressure &	GetExerciseMeanArterialPressureDelta ()

virtual double	GetExerciseMeanArterialPressureDelta (const PressureUnit &unit) const

virtual bool	HasFatigueLevel () const

virtual SEScalar0To1 &	GetFatigueLevel ()

virtual double	GetFatigueLevel () const

virtual bool	HasKetoneProductionRate () const

virtual SEScalarAmountPerTime &	GetKetoneProductionRate ()

virtual double	GetKetoneProductionRate (const AmountPerTimeUnit &unit) const

virtual bool	HasLactateProductionRate () const

virtual SEScalarAmountPerTime &	GetLactateProductionRate ()

virtual double	GetLactateProductionRate (const AmountPerTimeUnit &unit) const

virtual bool	HasSkinTemperature () const

virtual SEScalarTemperature &	GetSkinTemperature ()

virtual double	GetSkinTemperature (const TemperatureUnit &unit) const

virtual bool	HasSweatRate () const

virtual SEScalarMassPerTime &	GetSweatRate ()

virtual double	GetSweatRate (const MassPerTimeUnit &unit) const

virtual bool	HasTotalMetabolicRate () const

virtual SEScalarPower &	GetTotalMetabolicRate ()

virtual double	GetTotalMetabolicRate (const PowerUnit &unit) const

virtual bool	HasTotalWorkRateLevel () const

virtual SEScalar0To1 &	GetTotalWorkRateLevel ()

virtual double	GetTotalWorkRateLevel () const

Public Member Functions inherited from SESystem
	SESystem (Logger *logger)

virtual	~SESystem ()

Public Member Functions inherited from Loggable
	Loggable (Logger *logger=nullptr)

	Loggable (std::string const &logfile)

virtual	~Loggable ()

virtual Logger *	GetLogger () const

virtual void	SetLogger (Logger &logger)

virtual void	Debug (std::string const &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Debug (std::stringstream &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Debug (std::ostream &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Info (std::string const &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Info (std::stringstream &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Info (const std::stringstream &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Info (std::ostream &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Warning (std::string const &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Warning (std::stringstream &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Warning (std::ostream &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Error (std::string const &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Error (std::stringstream &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Error (std::ostream &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Fatal (std::string const &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Fatal (std::stringstream &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

virtual void	Fatal (std::ostream &msg, std::string const &origin=empty) const

std::string	to_string (int i)

std::string	to_string (unsigned int i)

std::string	to_string (size_t t)

std::string	to_string (float f)

std::string	to_string (double d)

Protected Member Functions
	Energy (PulseData &data)

void	ComputeExposedModelParameters () override

void	CalculateMetabolicHeatGeneration ()
	Calculates the metabolic rate, depending on the current state of the patient. More...

void	CalculateSweatRate ()
	Calculates the sweat rate if the core temperature is too high. More...

void	UpdateHeatResistance ()
	Updates the variable core to skin heat transfer resistance. More...

void	Exercise ()
	The exercise function updates the patient's metabolic rate if the exercise action is present and computes energy-store recovery post exercise. More...

void	CalculateBasalMetabolicRate ()
	Calculates the basal metabolic rate from the Harris-Benedict formula. More...

void	CalculateVitalSigns ()
	Checks the patient's thermal and metabolic state. More...

Protected Attributes
PulseData &	m_data

double	m_UsableEnergyStore_J

double	m_PeakPowerEnergyStore_J

double	m_MediumPowerEnergyStore_J

double	m_EnduranceEnergyStore_J

SERunningAverage *	m_BloodpH

SERunningAverage *	m_BicarbonateMolarity_mmol_Per_L

double	m_dT_s

SELiquidSubstanceQuantity *	m_AortaHCO3

SEThermalCircuitNode *	m_coreNode

SEThermalCircuitNode *	m_skinNode

SEThermalCircuitPath *	m_temperatureGroundToCorePath

SEThermalCircuitPath *	m_coreToSkinPath

SEFluidCircuitPath *	m_skinExtravascularToSweatingGroundPath

SEThermalCircuit *	m_InternalTemperatureCircuit

SEThermalCircuit *	m_TemperatureCircuit

SEThermalCircuitCalculator *	m_circuitCalculator

Protected Attributes inherited from SEEnergySystem
SEScalar0To1 *	m_AchievedExerciseLevel

SEScalarTemperature *	m_CoreTemperature

SEScalarAmountPerTime *	m_CreatinineProductionRate

SEScalarPressure *	m_ExerciseMeanArterialPressureDelta

SEScalar0To1 *	m_FatigueLevel

SEScalarAmountPerTime *	m_KetoneProductionRate

SEScalarAmountPerTime *	m_LactateProductionRate

SEScalarTemperature *	m_SkinTemperature

SEScalarMassPerTime *	m_SweatRate

SEScalarPower *	m_TotalMetabolicRate

SEScalar0To1 *	m_TotalWorkRateLevel

Protected Attributes inherited from SESystem
std::stringstream	m_ss

Protected Attributes inherited from Loggable
bool	myLogger

Logger *	m_Logger

Friends
class	PulseData

class	PBPulsePhysiology

class	PulseEngineTest

Additional Inherited Members
Static Public Member Functions inherited from SESystem
static const SEScalar *	GetScalar (const std::string &name, std::vector< SESystem > systems)

Static Public Attributes inherited from Loggable
static const std::string	empty

Detailed Description

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ Energy()

Energy::Energy ( PulseData & data )

protected

◆ ~Energy()

Energy::~Energy ( void )

Member Function Documentation

◆ AtSteadyState()

void Energy::AtSteadyState ( )

virtual

Applies an imposed dehydration time to the current fluid stores.

Starvation uses a coarse time-step approach with an assumed time-step of one day. This coarse time-step is used to to manually decrement all of the fluid stores which represents the loss due to urination, sweating, and other mechanisms. For time-steps longer than one day there is a reduced fluid loss. Applies an imposed starvation time to the current nutrient stores

Starvation uses a coarse time-step approach with an assumed time-step of one day. This coarse time-step is used to to manually decrement all of the nutrient stores which represents the loss due to metabolic consumption. For time durations greater than one day, there is a decrease in the basal metabolic rate due to mass loss from increased starvation times.

Implements PulseSystem.

◆ CalculateBasalMetabolicRate()

void Energy::CalculateBasalMetabolicRate ( )

protected

Calculates the basal metabolic rate from the Harris-Benedict formula.

The Harris-Benedict formula uses the patient height, weight age and sex to determine the basal metabolic requirements.

[251]

◆ CalculateMetabolicHeatGeneration()

void Energy::CalculateMetabolicHeatGeneration ( )

protected

Calculates the metabolic rate, depending on the current state of the patient.

The metabolic rate is dictated by the current state of the core temperature. This function includes states of increased metabolic rate due to shivering or severe hyperthermia. Additionally, an extreme drop in core temperature leads to decreasing metabolic rate. If the core temperature does not meet any of the criteria for increases/decreases, the metabolic rate will be calculated as the basal metabolic rate.

[herman2008physics]

[181]

[179]

◆ CalculateSweatRate()

void Energy::CalculateSweatRate ( )

protected

Calculates the sweat rate if the core temperature is too high.

The sweat rate is calculated from a core temperature control function. The mass lost due to sweating is accounted for and a flow source from the skin extravascular to ground path is updated to ensure fluid loss

[herman2008physics]

Todo:: Convert to sweat density once specific gravity calculation is in

◆ CalculateVitalSigns()

void Energy::CalculateVitalSigns ( )

protected

Checks the patient's thermal and metabolic state.

The core and skin temperatures are recorded in this function. In addition, the current metabolic state of the patient may trigger the following events: hypothermia, hyperthermia, dehydration, fasciculation or fatigue. These events are only triggered if the current state falls within the criteria of the specific event

[Stocks2004HumanPhysiologicalResponseCold]

[mallet2001hypothermia]

Event:: Patient: Core temperature has fallen below 35 degrees Celsius. Patient is hypothermic.

Irreversible:: State: Core temperature has fallen below 20 degrees Celsius.

[mallet2001hypothermia]

Event:: Patient: Core temperature has exceeded 38.3 degrees Celsius. Patient is hyperthermic.

Todo:: Move to blood chemistry

Event:: The patient is in a state of metabolic acidosis

Irreversible:: State: arterial blood pH has dropped below 6.5.

Event:: The patient has exited the state state of metabolic acidosis

Event:: The patient is in a state of metabolic alkalosis

Irreversible:: State: arterial blood pH has increased above 8.5.

Event:: The patient has exited the state of metabolic alkalosis

◆ Clear()

void Energy::Clear ( )

virtual

Reimplemented from SEEnergySystem.

◆ ComputeExposedModelParameters()

void Energy::ComputeExposedModelParameters ( )

overrideprotectedvirtual

Implements PulseEnergySystem.

◆ Exercise()

void Energy::Exercise ( )

protected

The exercise function updates the patient's metabolic rate if the exercise action is present and computes energy-store recovery post exercise.

The exercise function adds to the body's basal metabolic rate a value that is specified by the exercise action. The metabolic rate set-point is specified by the action but limited by the amount of energy available. The energy limit is computed, and the actual metabolic rate is ramped to the limited set-point. The body's actual work rate as a fraction of the total possible work rate and the body's actual work rate as a fraction of the action-requested work rate are set in this method.

Event:: Patient: Fatigue - Energy stores are sub-maximal.

Todo:: Log an event or info message that available energy is insufficient to meet demand.

◆ Initialize()

void Energy::Initialize ( )

virtual

Initializes system properties to valid homeostatic values.

For stabilization only! Called AFTER Setup when stabilizing a new patient

[herman2008physics]

[223]

[77]

[122]

Reimplemented from PulseSystem.

◆ PostProcess()

void Energy::PostProcess ( bool solve_and_transport = true )

virtual

Updates the parameters for the temperature circuit.

Updates the resulting heat transfer rates, temperatures and nodal heat values; effectively moving the next values to the current ones before time can be advanced.

Implements PulseSystem.

◆ PreProcess()

void Energy::PreProcess ( )

virtual

Prepares the energy system for the circuit solver.

The PreProcess function performs function in preparation to update the thermal circuit. It also processes energy-related actions (exercise) and computes a sweat rate.

Implements PulseSystem.

◆ Process()

void Energy::Process ( bool solve_and_transport = true )

virtual

Processes the temperature circuit and calculates extravascular transport.

The Process function solves the temperature circuit for all path heat transfer rates and nodal temperatures. Additionally, the process function also initiates the flow transport of the metabolic substance quantities from the vascular to extravascular space. After this is complete, the vital signs of the patient are updated with regards to the new state.

Implements PulseSystem.

◆ SetUp()

void Energy::SetUp ( )

virtual

Initializes the energy specific quantities.

Called during both State loading and Patient Stabilization Pull and setup up our data (can be from other systems) Initialize will be called after this and can overwrite any of this data (only if stabilizing)

The energy local member variables, system level quantities, and metabolic-specific substance quantities are initialized here. These variables are used in the numerous metabolic and thermal regulation functions contained in the energy system. Encompassing them in this function allows for easy initialization either at the beginning of a simulation or after a system crash

Implements PulseSystem.

◆ UpdateHeatResistance()

void Energy::UpdateHeatResistance ( )

protected

Updates the variable core to skin heat transfer resistance.

The variable core to skin heat transfer resistance is updated here according to the inverse of the skin blood flow.

Friends And Related Function Documentation

◆ PBPulsePhysiology

friend class PBPulsePhysiology

friend

◆ PulseData

friend class PulseData

friend

◆ PulseEngineTest

friend class PulseEngineTest

friend

Member Data Documentation

◆ m_AortaHCO3

SELiquidSubstanceQuantity* Energy::m_AortaHCO3

protected

◆ m_BicarbonateMolarity_mmol_Per_L

SERunningAverage* Energy::m_BicarbonateMolarity_mmol_Per_L

protected

◆ m_BloodpH

SERunningAverage* Energy::m_BloodpH

protected

◆ m_circuitCalculator

SEThermalCircuitCalculator* Energy::m_circuitCalculator

protected

◆ m_coreNode

SEThermalCircuitNode* Energy::m_coreNode

protected

◆ m_coreToSkinPath

SEThermalCircuitPath* Energy::m_coreToSkinPath

protected

◆ m_data

PulseData& Energy::m_data

protected

◆ m_dT_s

double Energy::m_dT_s

protected

◆ m_EnduranceEnergyStore_J

double Energy::m_EnduranceEnergyStore_J

protected

◆ m_InternalTemperatureCircuit

SEThermalCircuit* Energy::m_InternalTemperatureCircuit

protected

◆ m_MediumPowerEnergyStore_J

double Energy::m_MediumPowerEnergyStore_J

protected

◆ m_PeakPowerEnergyStore_J

double Energy::m_PeakPowerEnergyStore_J

protected

◆ m_skinExtravascularToSweatingGroundPath

SEFluidCircuitPath* Energy::m_skinExtravascularToSweatingGroundPath

protected

◆ m_skinNode

SEThermalCircuitNode* Energy::m_skinNode

protected

◆ m_TemperatureCircuit

SEThermalCircuit* Energy::m_TemperatureCircuit

protected

◆ m_temperatureGroundToCorePath

SEThermalCircuitPath* Energy::m_temperatureGroundToCorePath

protected

◆ m_UsableEnergyStore_J

double Energy::m_UsableEnergyStore_J

protected

Public Member Functions

Protected Member Functions

Protected Attributes

Friends

Additional Inherited Members

Detailed Description

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ Energy()

◆ ~Energy()

Member Function Documentation

◆ AtSteadyState()

◆ CalculateBasalMetabolicRate()

◆ CalculateMetabolicHeatGeneration()

◆ CalculateSweatRate()

◆ CalculateVitalSigns()

◆ Clear()

◆ ComputeExposedModelParameters()

◆ Exercise()

◆ Initialize()

◆ PostProcess()

◆ PreProcess()

◆ Process()

◆ SetUp()

◆ UpdateHeatResistance()

Friends And Related Function Documentation

◆ PBPulsePhysiology

◆ PulseData

◆ PulseEngineTest

Member Data Documentation

◆ m_AortaHCO3

◆ m_BicarbonateMolarity_mmol_Per_L

◆ m_BloodpH

◆ m_circuitCalculator

◆ m_coreNode

◆ m_coreToSkinPath

◆ m_data

◆ m_dT_s

◆ m_EnduranceEnergyStore_J

◆ m_InternalTemperatureCircuit

◆ m_MediumPowerEnergyStore_J

◆ m_PeakPowerEnergyStore_J

◆ m_skinExtravascularToSweatingGroundPath

◆ m_skinNode

◆ m_TemperatureCircuit

◆ m_temperatureGroundToCorePath

◆ m_UsableEnergyStore_J