ECMO-SchmidtEtAl_PumpFlow
SchmidtEtAl_PumpFlow
Description
Ten mechanically ventilated ARDS patients receiving femoro-jugular VV ECMO were studied by Schmidt et al [346]. In the experimental protocol, blood gases were measured after independently varying circuit blood flow, with all other settings held at their maximum. Simulated validation scenarios followed the same approach to evaluate model performance under comparable conditions. Expected results bounds are determined using the inner quartile from digitizing whisker plots of measured data.
Segment Validation
Segment 1
All patients in the study had severe ARDS. Their oxygenation was so impaired that they required venovenous ECMO for life-sustaining gas exchange. Increase pulmonary shunt to reflect severe oxygenation impairment observed in the cohort and to help reproduce the low P/F physiology at baseline. Reduce hemoglobin concentration to approximate the cohort's anemia (representative mean Hb near ~8 g/dL), which impacts oxygen content and saturation response. Patients were deeply sedated. Initiate ultraprotective volume-controlled ventilation using representative cohort settings (VT 110 mL, RR 30/min, PEEP 9 cmH2O, FiO2 0.4) while on VV-ECMO to minimize ventilator-induced lung injury. Attach a femoro-jugular VV-ECMO circuit and initialize device settings to baseline "maximum flow" conditions (pump flow 5.8 L/min, sweep gas 10 L/min, sweep FiO2 1.0) using representative oxygenator diffusing capacities. Subsequent segments vary pump flow only.
| Property Name | Validation | Engine Value | Percent Error | Percent Change | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MechanicalVentilator-TidalVolume(mL) | EqualTo 110 [346] | 105 | -4.91% | Median VT (measured) | |
| RightHeart-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [75.0,121] [346] | 104 | 0.00% | PO2 from right atrium | |
| RightHeart-Oxygen-Saturation | [0.980,0.990] [346] | 0.986 | 0.00% | SO2 from right atrium | |
| RightHeart-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [28.0,34.0] [346] | 29.9 | 0.00% | PCO2 from right atrium | |
| PulmonaryArteries-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [62.0,81.0] [346] | 123 | 51.95% | PO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| PulmonaryArteries-Oxygen-Saturation | [0.930,0.980] [346] | 0.992 | 1.18% | SO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| PulmonaryArteries-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [29.0,35.0] [346] | 28.5 | -1.58% | PCO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [70.0,120] [346] | 157 | 30.44% | PO2 from peripheral artery | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-Saturation | [0.960,0.990] [346] | 0.995 | 0.55% | SO2 from peripheral artery | |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [31.0,37.0] [346] | 29.3 | -5.36% | PCO2 from peripheral artery |
 |
 |
 |
| Property Name | Engine Value |
|---|---|
| Patient-IdealBodyWeight(kg) | 75.3 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BloodFlow(L/min) | 5.80 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletOxygenSaturation | 0.728 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletOxygenSaturation | 0.999 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungOxygenContribution(mL/min) | 228 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungCarbonDioxideContribution(mL/min) | 186 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HemoglobinConcentration(g/dL) | 8.19 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-SweepGasFlow(L/min) | 10.0 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HydraulicTransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 460 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletPressure(mmHg) | 300 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletPressure(mmHg) | 203 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-DrainagePressure(mmHg) | -93.4 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-TransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 96.7 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BagVolume(mL) | 500 |
| MechanicalVentilator-AirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 9.02 |
| MechanicalVentilator-BreathState | 6.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-DynamicRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 20.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.00374 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 2.86 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenFraction | 0.392 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenPressure(mmHg) | 301 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExtrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryExpiratoryRatio | 1.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryFlow(L/min) | -10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-IntrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 0.281 |
| MechanicalVentilator-LeakFraction | 1.99e-13 |
| MechanicalVentilator-MeanAirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 10.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 13.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryFlow(L/min) | 6.60 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 14.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PlateauPressure(cmH2O) | 12.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| MechanicalVentilator-StaticRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 30.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalLungVolume(mL) | 58.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.28 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPulmonaryVentilation(L/min) | 3.14 |
| HeartRate(1/min) | 53.7 |
| HeartStrokeVolume(mL) | 130 |
| HeartEjectionFraction | 0.669 |
| BloodVolume(L) | 5.53 |
| ExtravascularFluidVolume(L) | 34.1 |
| MeanArterialPressure(mmHg) | 96.0 |
| SystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 125 |
| DiastolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 63.3 |
| CardiacOutput(L/min) | 6.96 |
| HemoglobinContent(g) | 450 |
| CentralVenousPressure(mmHg) | 3.28 |
| PulmonaryCapillariesWedgePressure(mmHg) | 9.05 |
| TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| OxygenSaturation | 0.995 |
| CarbonDioxideSaturation | 0.0296 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.00655 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 5.03 |
| TotalAlveolarVentilation(L/min) | 0.00 |
| TranspulmonaryPressure(cmH2O) | 15.6 |
| CoreTemperature(degC) | 37.1 |
| SkinTemperature(degC) | 30.7 |
| RespiratoryExchangeRatio | 0.795 |
| OxygenConsumptionRate(mL/min) | 235 |
| CarbonDioxideProductionRate(mL/min) | 187 |
| GlomerularFiltrationRate(mL/min) | 44.4 |
| RenalBloodFlow(L/min) | 0.756 |
| UrineProductionRate(mL/min) | 0.902 |
| LeftAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0412 |
| RightAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0412 |
| SystemicVascularResistance(mmHg_s/mL) | 0.800 |
| BloodPH | 7.51 |
| HorowitzIndex(mmHg) | 398 |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 157 |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 29.3 |
| VenaCava-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 34.9 |
| VenaCava-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 41.7 |
| RightTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 3.91 |
| LeftTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 3.91 |
| Oxygen-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | 6.43 |
| CarbonDioxide-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | -19.8 |
Segment 2
Update the ECMO flow to 80% of the maxumum setting (4.6 L/min).
| Property Name | Validation | Engine Value | Percent Error | Percent Change | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RightHeart-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | LessThan Segment1 (104) [346] | 72.5 | -30.49% | PO2 from right atrium | |
| RightHeart-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [51.0,95.0] [346] | 72.5 | 0.00% | PO2 from right atrium | |
| RightHeart-Oxygen-Saturation | LessThan Segment1 (0.986) [346] | 0.964 | -2.22% | SO2 from right atrium | |
| RightHeart-Oxygen-Saturation | [0.910,0.980] [346] | 0.964 | 0.00% | SO2 from right atrium | |
| RightHeart-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [28.0,35.0] [346] | 29.8 | 0.00% | PCO2 from right atrium | |
| PulmonaryArteries-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | LessThan Segment1 (123) [346] | 60.6 | -50.77% | PO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| PulmonaryArteries-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [46.0,68.0] [346] | 60.6 | 0.00% | PO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| PulmonaryArteries-Oxygen-Saturation | LessThan Segment1 (0.992) [346] | 0.941 | -5.12% | SO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| PulmonaryArteries-Oxygen-Saturation | [0.850,0.970] [346] | 0.941 | 0.00% | SO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| PulmonaryArteries-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [30.0,37.0] [346] | 31.2 | 0.00% | PCO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | LessThan Segment1 (157) [346] | 71.5 | -54.34% | PO2 from peripheral artery | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [55.0,65.0] [346] | 71.5 | 9.96% | PO2 from peripheral artery | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-Saturation | LessThan Segment1 (0.995) [346] | 0.962 | -3.35% | SO2 from peripheral artery | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-Saturation | [0.890,0.960] [346] | 0.962 | 0.22% | SO2 from peripheral artery | |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [29.0,53.0] [346] | 30.5 | 0.00% | PCO2 from peripheral artery |
 |
 |
 |
| Property Name | Engine Value |
|---|---|
| Patient-IdealBodyWeight(kg) | 75.3 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BloodFlow(L/min) | 4.60 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletOxygenSaturation | 0.682 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletOxygenSaturation | 0.999 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungOxygenContribution(mL/min) | 210 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungCarbonDioxideContribution(mL/min) | 175 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HemoglobinConcentration(g/dL) | 8.19 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-SweepGasFlow(L/min) | 10.0 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HydraulicTransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 513 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletPressure(mmHg) | 247 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletPressure(mmHg) | 170 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-DrainagePressure(mmHg) | -73.0 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-TransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 76.7 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BagVolume(mL) | 500 |
| MechanicalVentilator-AirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 9.02 |
| MechanicalVentilator-BreathState | 6.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-DynamicRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 20.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.00577 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 4.42 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenFraction | 0.386 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenPressure(mmHg) | 296 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExtrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryExpiratoryRatio | 1.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryFlow(L/min) | -10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-IntrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 0.281 |
| MechanicalVentilator-LeakFraction | 3.51e-13 |
| MechanicalVentilator-MeanAirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 10.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 13.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryFlow(L/min) | 6.60 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 14.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PlateauPressure(cmH2O) | 12.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| MechanicalVentilator-StaticRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 30.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalLungVolume(mL) | 58.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.28 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPulmonaryVentilation(L/min) | 3.14 |
| HeartRate(1/min) | 64.3 |
| HeartStrokeVolume(mL) | 109 |
| HeartEjectionFraction | 0.630 |
| BloodVolume(L) | 5.52 |
| ExtravascularFluidVolume(L) | 34.1 |
| MeanArterialPressure(mmHg) | 96.0 |
| SystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 121 |
| DiastolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 68.1 |
| CardiacOutput(L/min) | 6.98 |
| HemoglobinContent(g) | 450 |
| CentralVenousPressure(mmHg) | 3.68 |
| PulmonaryCapillariesWedgePressure(mmHg) | 7.98 |
| TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| OxygenSaturation | 0.962 |
| CarbonDioxideSaturation | 0.0294 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.0103 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 7.89 |
| TotalAlveolarVentilation(L/min) | 0.00 |
| TranspulmonaryPressure(cmH2O) | 15.6 |
| CoreTemperature(degC) | 37.0 |
| SkinTemperature(degC) | 30.4 |
| RespiratoryExchangeRatio | 0.793 |
| OxygenConsumptionRate(mL/min) | 231 |
| CarbonDioxideProductionRate(mL/min) | 183 |
| GlomerularFiltrationRate(mL/min) | 121 |
| RenalBloodFlow(L/min) | 1.30 |
| UrineProductionRate(mL/min) | 0.911 |
| LeftAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0406 |
| RightAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0406 |
| SystemicVascularResistance(mmHg_s/mL) | 0.794 |
| BloodPH | 7.49 |
| HorowitzIndex(mmHg) | 185 |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 71.5 |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 30.5 |
| VenaCava-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 32.4 |
| VenaCava-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 42.6 |
| RightTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 3.95 |
| LeftTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 3.95 |
| Oxygen-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | 25.5 |
| CarbonDioxide-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | 28.6 |
Segment 3
Update the ECMO flow to 60% of the maxumum setting (3.5 L/min).
| Property Name | Validation | Engine Value | Percent Error | Percent Change | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RightHeart-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | LessThan Segment2 (72.5) [346] | 42.4 | -41.57% | PO2 from right atrium | |
| RightHeart-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [40.0,69.0] [346] | 42.4 | 0.00% | PO2 from right atrium | |
| RightHeart-Oxygen-Saturation | LessThan Segment2 (0.964) [346] | 0.855 | -11.31% | SO2 from right atrium | |
| RightHeart-Oxygen-Saturation | [0.770,0.950] [346] | 0.855 | 0.00% | SO2 from right atrium | |
| RightHeart-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [30.0,36.0] [346] | 32.2 | 0.00% | PCO2 from right atrium | |
| PulmonaryArteries-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | LessThan Segment2 (60.6) [346] | 41.1 | -32.23% | PO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| PulmonaryArteries-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [39.0,52.0] [346] | 41.1 | 0.00% | PO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| PulmonaryArteries-Oxygen-Saturation | LessThan Segment2 (0.941) [346] | 0.841 | -10.60% | SO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| PulmonaryArteries-Oxygen-Saturation | [0.730,0.930] [346] | 0.841 | 0.00% | SO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| PulmonaryArteries-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [31.0,36.0] [346] | 33.0 | 0.00% | PCO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | LessThan Segment2 (71.5) [346] | 45.9 | -35.75% | PO2 from peripheral artery | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [41.0,58.0] [346] | 45.9 | 0.00% | PO2 from peripheral artery | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-Saturation | LessThan Segment2 (0.962) [346] | 0.881 | -8.45% | SO2 from peripheral artery | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-Saturation | [0.780,0.940] [346] | 0.881 | 0.00% | SO2 from peripheral artery | |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [31.0,38.0] [346] | 32.0 | 0.00% | PCO2 from peripheral artery |
 |
 |
 |
| Property Name | Engine Value |
|---|---|
| Patient-IdealBodyWeight(kg) | 75.3 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BloodFlow(L/min) | 3.50 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletOxygenSaturation | 0.628 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletOxygenSaturation | 1.00 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungOxygenContribution(mL/min) | 187 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungCarbonDioxideContribution(mL/min) | 158 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HemoglobinConcentration(g/dL) | 8.18 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-SweepGasFlow(L/min) | 10.0 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HydraulicTransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 580 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletPressure(mmHg) | 180 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletPressure(mmHg) | 121 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-DrainagePressure(mmHg) | -54.3 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-TransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 58.3 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BagVolume(mL) | 500 |
| MechanicalVentilator-AirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 9.02 |
| MechanicalVentilator-BreathState | 6.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-DynamicRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 20.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.0151 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 11.6 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenFraction | 0.373 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenPressure(mmHg) | 286 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExtrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryExpiratoryRatio | 1.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryFlow(L/min) | -10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-IntrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 0.281 |
| MechanicalVentilator-LeakFraction | 3.47e-13 |
| MechanicalVentilator-MeanAirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 10.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 13.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryFlow(L/min) | 6.60 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 14.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PlateauPressure(cmH2O) | 12.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| MechanicalVentilator-StaticRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 30.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalLungVolume(mL) | 58.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.28 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPulmonaryVentilation(L/min) | 3.14 |
| HeartRate(1/min) | 133 |
| HeartStrokeVolume(mL) | 58.2 |
| HeartEjectionFraction | 0.469 |
| BloodVolume(L) | 5.51 |
| ExtravascularFluidVolume(L) | 34.1 |
| MeanArterialPressure(mmHg) | 96.6 |
| SystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 112 |
| DiastolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 80.9 |
| CardiacOutput(L/min) | 7.75 |
| HemoglobinContent(g) | 450 |
| CentralVenousPressure(mmHg) | 3.99 |
| PulmonaryCapillariesWedgePressure(mmHg) | 5.56 |
| TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| OxygenSaturation | 0.881 |
| CarbonDioxideSaturation | 0.0297 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.0275 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 21.1 |
| TotalAlveolarVentilation(L/min) | 0.00 |
| TranspulmonaryPressure(cmH2O) | 15.6 |
| CoreTemperature(degC) | 37.0 |
| SkinTemperature(degC) | 30.4 |
| RespiratoryExchangeRatio | 0.786 |
| OxygenConsumptionRate(mL/min) | 223 |
| CarbonDioxideProductionRate(mL/min) | 176 |
| GlomerularFiltrationRate(mL/min) | 108 |
| RenalBloodFlow(L/min) | 1.31 |
| UrineProductionRate(mL/min) | 0.961 |
| LeftAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0391 |
| RightAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0391 |
| SystemicVascularResistance(mmHg_s/mL) | 0.717 |
| BloodPH | 7.47 |
| HorowitzIndex(mmHg) | 123 |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 45.9 |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 32.0 |
| VenaCava-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 29.6 |
| VenaCava-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 42.6 |
| RightTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 4.02 |
| LeftTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 4.02 |
| Oxygen-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | 38.1 |
| CarbonDioxide-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | 8.84 |
Segment 4
Update the ECMO flow to 40% of the maxumum setting (2.4 L/min).
| Property Name | Validation | Engine Value | Percent Error | Percent Change | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RightHeart-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | LessThan Segment3 (42.4) [346] | 32.2 | -24.13% | PO2 from right atrium | |
| RightHeart-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [36.0,49.0] [346] | 32.2 | -10.67% | PO2 from right atrium | |
| RightHeart-Oxygen-Saturation | LessThan Segment3 (0.855) [346] | 0.703 | -17.82% | SO2 from right atrium | |
| RightHeart-Oxygen-Saturation | [0.750,0.870] [346] | 0.703 | -6.29% | SO2 from right atrium | |
| RightHeart-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [31.0,35.0] [346] | 38.3 | 9.47% | PCO2 from right atrium | |
| PulmonaryArteries-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | LessThan Segment3 (41.1) [346] | 32.7 | -20.46% | PO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| PulmonaryArteries-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [32.0,40.0] [346] | 32.7 | 0.00% | PO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| PulmonaryArteries-Oxygen-Saturation | LessThan Segment3 (0.841) [346] | 0.719 | -14.52% | SO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| PulmonaryArteries-Oxygen-Saturation | [0.630,0.770] [346] | 0.719 | 0.00% | SO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| PulmonaryArteries-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [32.0,35.0] [346] | 37.0 | 5.65% | PCO2 from pulmonary artery | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | LessThan Segment3 (45.9) [346] | 36.8 | -19.93% | PO2 from peripheral artery | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [32.0,49.0] [346] | 36.8 | 0.00% | PO2 from peripheral artery | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-Saturation | LessThan Segment3 (0.881) [346] | 0.781 | -11.31% | SO2 from peripheral artery | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-Saturation | [0.730,0.890] [346] | 0.781 | 0.00% | SO2 from peripheral artery | |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [34.0,37.0] [346] | 36.5 | 0.00% | PCO2 from peripheral artery |
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| Property Name | Engine Value |
|---|---|
| Patient-IdealBodyWeight(kg) | 75.3 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BloodFlow(L/min) | 2.40 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletOxygenSaturation | 0.530 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletOxygenSaturation | 1.00 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungOxygenContribution(mL/min) | 159 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungCarbonDioxideContribution(mL/min) | 145 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HemoglobinConcentration(g/dL) | 8.20 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-SweepGasFlow(L/min) | 10.0 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HydraulicTransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 637 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletPressure(mmHg) | 123 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletPressure(mmHg) | 82.5 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-DrainagePressure(mmHg) | -35.8 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-TransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 40.0 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BagVolume(mL) | 500 |
| MechanicalVentilator-AirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 9.02 |
| MechanicalVentilator-BreathState | 6.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-DynamicRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 20.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.0171 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenFraction | 0.361 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenPressure(mmHg) | 277 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExtrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryExpiratoryRatio | 1.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryFlow(L/min) | -10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-IntrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 0.281 |
| MechanicalVentilator-LeakFraction | 3.29e-13 |
| MechanicalVentilator-MeanAirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 10.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 13.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryFlow(L/min) | 6.60 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 14.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PlateauPressure(cmH2O) | 12.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| MechanicalVentilator-StaticRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 30.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalLungVolume(mL) | 58.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.28 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPulmonaryVentilation(L/min) | 3.14 |
| HeartRate(1/min) | 140 |
| HeartStrokeVolume(mL) | 51.4 |
| HeartEjectionFraction | 0.440 |
| BloodVolume(L) | 5.50 |
| ExtravascularFluidVolume(L) | 34.1 |
| MeanArterialPressure(mmHg) | 96.4 |
| SystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 110 |
| DiastolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 82.4 |
| CardiacOutput(L/min) | 7.21 |
| HemoglobinContent(g) | 450 |
| CentralVenousPressure(mmHg) | 4.17 |
| PulmonaryCapillariesWedgePressure(mmHg) | 5.19 |
| TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| OxygenSaturation | 0.781 |
| CarbonDioxideSaturation | 0.0291 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.0312 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 24.0 |
| TotalAlveolarVentilation(L/min) | 0.00 |
| TranspulmonaryPressure(cmH2O) | 15.6 |
| CoreTemperature(degC) | 37.0 |
| SkinTemperature(degC) | 30.4 |
| RespiratoryExchangeRatio | 0.776 |
| OxygenConsumptionRate(mL/min) | 213 |
| CarbonDioxideProductionRate(mL/min) | 165 |
| GlomerularFiltrationRate(mL/min) | 78.2 |
| RenalBloodFlow(L/min) | 1.05 |
| UrineProductionRate(mL/min) | 0.988 |
| LeftAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0384 |
| RightAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0384 |
| SystemicVascularResistance(mmHg_s/mL) | 0.767 |
| BloodPH | 7.42 |
| HorowitzIndex(mmHg) | 101 |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 36.8 |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 36.5 |
| VenaCava-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 25.7 |
| VenaCava-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 43.6 |
| RightTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 4.02 |
| LeftTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 4.02 |
| Oxygen-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | 51.1 |
| CarbonDioxide-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | -45.9 |
Scenario Output Plots
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