ECMO-SchmidtEtAl_SweepGasFlow
SchmidtEtAl_SweepGasFlow
Description
Ten mechanically ventilated ARDS patients receiving femoro-jugular VV ECMO were studied by Schmidt et al [346]. In the experimental protocol, blood gases were measured after independently varying sweep gas flow, with all other settings held at their maximum. Simulated validation scenarios followed the same approach to evaluate model performance under comparable conditions. Expected results bounds are determined using the inner quartile from digitizing whisker plots of measured data.
Segment Validation
Segment 1
All patients in the study had severe ARDS. Their oxygenation was so impaired that they required venovenous ECMO for life-sustaining gas exchange. Increase pulmonary shunt to reflect severe oxygenation impairment observed in the cohort and to help reproduce the low P/F physiology at baseline. Reduce hemoglobin concentration to approximate the cohort's anemia (representative mean Hb near ~8 g/dL), which impacts oxygen content and saturation response. Patients were deeply sedated. Initiate ultraprotective volume-controlled ventilation using representative cohort settings (VT 110 mL, RR 30/min, PEEP 9 cmH2O, FiO2 0.4) while on VV-ECMO to minimize ventilator-induced lung injury. Attach a femoro-jugular VV-ECMO circuit and initialize device settings to baseline "maximum flow" conditions (pump flow 5.8 L/min, sweep gas 10 L/min, sweep FiO2 1.0) using representative oxygenator diffusing capacities. Subsequent segments vary sweep gas flow only.
| Property Name | Validation | Engine Value | Percent Error | Percent Change | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MechanicalVentilator-TidalVolume(mL) | EqualTo 110 [346] | 105 | -4.91% | Median VT (measured) | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [68.0,118] [346] | 157 | 32.65% | PaO2 | |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [30.0,37.0] [346] | 29.3 | -2.21% | PaCO2 | |
| PulmonarySystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | [25.0,45.0] [346] | 24.6 | -1.62% | sPAP |
 |
 |
 |
| Property Name | Engine Value |
|---|---|
| Patient-IdealBodyWeight(kg) | 75.3 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BloodFlow(L/min) | 5.80 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletOxygenSaturation | 0.728 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletOxygenSaturation | 0.999 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungOxygenContribution(mL/min) | 228 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungCarbonDioxideContribution(mL/min) | 186 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HemoglobinConcentration(g/dL) | 8.19 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-SweepGasFlow(L/min) | 10.0 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HydraulicTransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 460 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletPressure(mmHg) | 300 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletPressure(mmHg) | 203 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-DrainagePressure(mmHg) | -93.4 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-TransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 96.7 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BagVolume(mL) | 500 |
| MechanicalVentilator-AirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 9.02 |
| MechanicalVentilator-BreathState | 6.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-DynamicRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 20.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.00374 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 2.86 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenFraction | 0.392 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenPressure(mmHg) | 301 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExtrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryExpiratoryRatio | 1.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryFlow(L/min) | -10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-IntrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 0.281 |
| MechanicalVentilator-LeakFraction | 1.99e-13 |
| MechanicalVentilator-MeanAirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 10.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 13.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryFlow(L/min) | 6.60 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 14.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PlateauPressure(cmH2O) | 12.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| MechanicalVentilator-StaticRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 30.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalLungVolume(mL) | 58.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.28 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPulmonaryVentilation(L/min) | 3.14 |
| HeartRate(1/min) | 53.7 |
| HeartStrokeVolume(mL) | 130 |
| HeartEjectionFraction | 0.669 |
| BloodVolume(L) | 5.53 |
| ExtravascularFluidVolume(L) | 34.1 |
| MeanArterialPressure(mmHg) | 96.0 |
| SystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 125 |
| DiastolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 63.3 |
| CardiacOutput(L/min) | 6.96 |
| HemoglobinContent(g) | 450 |
| CentralVenousPressure(mmHg) | 3.28 |
| PulmonaryCapillariesWedgePressure(mmHg) | 9.05 |
| TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| OxygenSaturation | 0.995 |
| CarbonDioxideSaturation | 0.0296 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.00655 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 5.03 |
| TotalAlveolarVentilation(L/min) | 0.00 |
| TranspulmonaryPressure(cmH2O) | 15.6 |
| CoreTemperature(degC) | 37.1 |
| SkinTemperature(degC) | 30.7 |
| RespiratoryExchangeRatio | 0.795 |
| OxygenConsumptionRate(mL/min) | 235 |
| CarbonDioxideProductionRate(mL/min) | 187 |
| GlomerularFiltrationRate(mL/min) | 44.4 |
| RenalBloodFlow(L/min) | 0.756 |
| UrineProductionRate(mL/min) | 0.902 |
| LeftAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0412 |
| RightAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0412 |
| SystemicVascularResistance(mmHg_s/mL) | 0.800 |
| BloodPH | 7.51 |
| HorowitzIndex(mmHg) | 398 |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 157 |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 29.3 |
| VenaCava-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 34.9 |
| VenaCava-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 41.7 |
| RightTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 3.91 |
| LeftTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 3.91 |
| Oxygen-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | 6.43 |
| CarbonDioxide-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | -19.8 |
Segment 2
Update the sweep gas flow to 8 L/min.
| Property Name | Validation | Engine Value | Percent Error | Percent Change | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | EqualTo Segment1 (157) [346] | 152 | -2.73% | PaO2 | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [69.0,120] [346] | 152 | 26.88% | PaO2 | |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | GreaterThan Segment1 (29.3) [346] | 32.7 | 11.31% | PaCO2 | |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [33.0,37.0] [346] | 32.7 | -1.04% | PaCO2 | |
| PulmonarySystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | EqualTo Segment1 (24.6) [346] | 24.5 | -0.39% | sPAP | |
| PulmonarySystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | [24.0,45.0] [346] | 24.5 | 0.00% | sPAP |
 |
 |
 |
| Property Name | Engine Value |
|---|---|
| Patient-IdealBodyWeight(kg) | 75.3 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BloodFlow(L/min) | 5.80 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletOxygenSaturation | 0.726 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletOxygenSaturation | 0.999 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungOxygenContribution(mL/min) | 228 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungCarbonDioxideContribution(mL/min) | 184 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HemoglobinConcentration(g/dL) | 8.21 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-SweepGasFlow(L/min) | 8.00 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HydraulicTransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 465 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletPressure(mmHg) | 295 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletPressure(mmHg) | 199 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-DrainagePressure(mmHg) | -93.3 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-TransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 96.7 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BagVolume(mL) | 500 |
| MechanicalVentilator-AirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 9.02 |
| MechanicalVentilator-BreathState | 6.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-DynamicRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 20.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.00432 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 3.31 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenFraction | 0.392 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenPressure(mmHg) | 301 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExtrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryExpiratoryRatio | 1.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryFlow(L/min) | -10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-IntrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 0.281 |
| MechanicalVentilator-LeakFraction | 1.99e-13 |
| MechanicalVentilator-MeanAirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 10.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 13.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryFlow(L/min) | 6.60 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 14.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PlateauPressure(cmH2O) | 12.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| MechanicalVentilator-StaticRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 30.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalLungVolume(mL) | 58.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.28 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPulmonaryVentilation(L/min) | 3.14 |
| HeartRate(1/min) | 54.9 |
| HeartStrokeVolume(mL) | 128 |
| HeartEjectionFraction | 0.666 |
| BloodVolume(L) | 5.52 |
| ExtravascularFluidVolume(L) | 34.1 |
| MeanArterialPressure(mmHg) | 96.0 |
| SystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 125 |
| DiastolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 63.8 |
| CardiacOutput(L/min) | 7.00 |
| HemoglobinContent(g) | 450 |
| CentralVenousPressure(mmHg) | 3.33 |
| PulmonaryCapillariesWedgePressure(mmHg) | 8.95 |
| TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| OxygenSaturation | 0.995 |
| CarbonDioxideSaturation | 0.0282 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.00761 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 5.84 |
| TotalAlveolarVentilation(L/min) | 0.00 |
| TranspulmonaryPressure(cmH2O) | 15.6 |
| CoreTemperature(degC) | 37.0 |
| SkinTemperature(degC) | 30.4 |
| RespiratoryExchangeRatio | 0.800 |
| OxygenConsumptionRate(mL/min) | 241 |
| CarbonDioxideProductionRate(mL/min) | 193 |
| GlomerularFiltrationRate(mL/min) | 111 |
| RenalBloodFlow(L/min) | 1.23 |
| UrineProductionRate(mL/min) | 0.910 |
| LeftAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0406 |
| RightAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0406 |
| SystemicVascularResistance(mmHg_s/mL) | 0.794 |
| BloodPH | 7.47 |
| HorowitzIndex(mmHg) | 388 |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 152 |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 32.7 |
| VenaCava-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 35.2 |
| VenaCava-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 43.3 |
| RightTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 3.92 |
| LeftTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 3.92 |
| Oxygen-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | 13.2 |
| CarbonDioxide-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | 18.8 |
Segment 3
Update the sweep gas flow to 6 L/min.
| Property Name | Validation | Engine Value | Percent Error | Percent Change | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | EqualTo Segment2 (152) [346] | 147 | -3.14% | PaO2 | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [67.0,115] [346] | 147 | 28.23% | PaO2 | |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | GreaterThan Segment2 (32.7) [346] | 38.4 | 17.73% | PaCO2 | |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [34.0,40.0] [346] | 38.4 | 0.00% | PaCO2 | |
| PulmonarySystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | EqualTo Segment2 (24.5) [346] | 24.4 | -0.38% | sPAP | |
| PulmonarySystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | [27.0,46.0] [346] | 24.4 | -9.60% | sPAP |
 |
 |
 |
| Property Name | Engine Value |
|---|---|
| Patient-IdealBodyWeight(kg) | 75.3 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BloodFlow(L/min) | 5.80 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletOxygenSaturation | 0.723 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletOxygenSaturation | 0.999 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungOxygenContribution(mL/min) | 229 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungCarbonDioxideContribution(mL/min) | 182 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HemoglobinConcentration(g/dL) | 8.22 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-SweepGasFlow(L/min) | 6.00 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HydraulicTransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 460 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletPressure(mmHg) | 300 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletPressure(mmHg) | 204 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-DrainagePressure(mmHg) | -93.4 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-TransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 96.7 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BagVolume(mL) | 500 |
| MechanicalVentilator-AirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 9.02 |
| MechanicalVentilator-BreathState | 6.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-DynamicRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 20.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.00536 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 4.11 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenFraction | 0.391 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenPressure(mmHg) | 300 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExtrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryExpiratoryRatio | 1.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryFlow(L/min) | -10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-IntrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 0.281 |
| MechanicalVentilator-LeakFraction | 3.41e-13 |
| MechanicalVentilator-MeanAirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 10.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 13.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryFlow(L/min) | 6.60 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 14.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PlateauPressure(cmH2O) | 12.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| MechanicalVentilator-StaticRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 30.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalLungVolume(mL) | 58.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.28 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPulmonaryVentilation(L/min) | 3.14 |
| HeartRate(1/min) | 55.9 |
| HeartStrokeVolume(mL) | 126 |
| HeartEjectionFraction | 0.662 |
| BloodVolume(L) | 5.51 |
| ExtravascularFluidVolume(L) | 34.1 |
| MeanArterialPressure(mmHg) | 96.0 |
| SystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 125 |
| DiastolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 64.2 |
| CardiacOutput(L/min) | 7.03 |
| HemoglobinContent(g) | 450 |
| CentralVenousPressure(mmHg) | 3.26 |
| PulmonaryCapillariesWedgePressure(mmHg) | 8.86 |
| TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| OxygenSaturation | 0.993 |
| CarbonDioxideSaturation | 0.0262 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.00955 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 7.33 |
| TotalAlveolarVentilation(L/min) | 0.00 |
| TranspulmonaryPressure(cmH2O) | 15.6 |
| CoreTemperature(degC) | 37.0 |
| SkinTemperature(degC) | 30.3 |
| RespiratoryExchangeRatio | 0.797 |
| OxygenConsumptionRate(mL/min) | 238 |
| CarbonDioxideProductionRate(mL/min) | 189 |
| GlomerularFiltrationRate(mL/min) | 46.6 |
| RenalBloodFlow(L/min) | 0.776 |
| UrineProductionRate(mL/min) | 0.915 |
| LeftAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0401 |
| RightAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0401 |
| SystemicVascularResistance(mmHg_s/mL) | 0.792 |
| BloodPH | 7.40 |
| HorowitzIndex(mmHg) | 376 |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 147 |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 38.4 |
| VenaCava-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 35.5 |
| VenaCava-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 44.8 |
| RightTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 3.93 |
| LeftTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 3.93 |
| Oxygen-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | 7.13 |
| CarbonDioxide-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | -27.7 |
Segment 4
Update the sweep gas flow to 4 L/min.
| Property Name | Validation | Engine Value | Percent Error | Percent Change | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | EqualTo Segment3 (147) [346] | 141 | -4.64% | PaO2 | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [69.0,111] [346] | 141 | 26.69% | PaO2 | |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | GreaterThan Segment3 (38.4) [346] | 44.8 | 16.48% | PaCO2 | |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [38.0,47.0] [346] | 44.8 | 0.00% | PaCO2 | |
| PulmonarySystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | GreaterThan Segment3 (24.4) [346] | 24.3 | -0.43% | sPAP | |
| PulmonarySystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | [29.0,53.0] [346] | 24.3 | -16.20% | sPAP |
 |
 |
 |
| Property Name | Engine Value |
|---|---|
| Patient-IdealBodyWeight(kg) | 75.3 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BloodFlow(L/min) | 5.80 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletOxygenSaturation | 0.717 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletOxygenSaturation | 0.999 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungOxygenContribution(mL/min) | 230 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungCarbonDioxideContribution(mL/min) | 168 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HemoglobinConcentration(g/dL) | 8.23 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-SweepGasFlow(L/min) | 4.00 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HydraulicTransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 467 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletPressure(mmHg) | 293 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletPressure(mmHg) | 196 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-DrainagePressure(mmHg) | -93.4 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-TransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 96.7 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BagVolume(mL) | 500 |
| MechanicalVentilator-AirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 9.02 |
| MechanicalVentilator-BreathState | 6.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-DynamicRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 20.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.00774 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 5.93 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenFraction | 0.390 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenPressure(mmHg) | 299 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExtrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryExpiratoryRatio | 1.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryFlow(L/min) | -10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-IntrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 0.281 |
| MechanicalVentilator-LeakFraction | 3.16e-13 |
| MechanicalVentilator-MeanAirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 10.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 13.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryFlow(L/min) | 6.60 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 14.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PlateauPressure(cmH2O) | 12.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| MechanicalVentilator-StaticRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 30.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalLungVolume(mL) | 58.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.28 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPulmonaryVentilation(L/min) | 3.14 |
| HeartRate(1/min) | 56.9 |
| HeartStrokeVolume(mL) | 124 |
| HeartEjectionFraction | 0.659 |
| BloodVolume(L) | 5.50 |
| ExtravascularFluidVolume(L) | 34.1 |
| MeanArterialPressure(mmHg) | 96.0 |
| SystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 124 |
| DiastolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 64.7 |
| CardiacOutput(L/min) | 7.04 |
| HemoglobinContent(g) | 450 |
| CentralVenousPressure(mmHg) | 3.25 |
| PulmonaryCapillariesWedgePressure(mmHg) | 8.76 |
| TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| OxygenSaturation | 0.991 |
| CarbonDioxideSaturation | 0.139 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.0139 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 10.7 |
| TotalAlveolarVentilation(L/min) | 0.00 |
| TranspulmonaryPressure(cmH2O) | 15.6 |
| CoreTemperature(degC) | 37.0 |
| SkinTemperature(degC) | 30.2 |
| RespiratoryExchangeRatio | 0.801 |
| OxygenConsumptionRate(mL/min) | 242 |
| CarbonDioxideProductionRate(mL/min) | 194 |
| GlomerularFiltrationRate(mL/min) | 71.1 |
| RenalBloodFlow(L/min) | 0.945 |
| UrineProductionRate(mL/min) | 0.919 |
| LeftAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0397 |
| RightAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0397 |
| SystemicVascularResistance(mmHg_s/mL) | 0.791 |
| BloodPH | 7.34 |
| HorowitzIndex(mmHg) | 360 |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 141 |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 44.8 |
| VenaCava-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 36.2 |
| VenaCava-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 48.6 |
| RightTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 3.93 |
| LeftTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 3.93 |
| Oxygen-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | 8.95 |
| CarbonDioxide-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | -32.3 |
Segment 5
Update the sweep gas flow to 2 L/min.
| Property Name | Validation | Engine Value | Percent Error | Percent Change | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | EqualTo Segment4 (141) [346] | 123 | -12.78% | PaO2 | |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [71.0,119] [346] | 123 | 3.07% | PaO2 | |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | GreaterThan Segment4 (44.8) [346] | 58.7 | 30.97% | PaCO2 | |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | [42.0,62.0] [346] | 58.7 | 0.00% | PaCO2 | |
| PulmonarySystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | GreaterThan Segment4 (24.3) [346] | 24.1 | -0.89% | sPAP | |
| PulmonarySystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | [38.0,62.0] [346] | 24.1 | -36.61% | sPAP |
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| Property Name | Engine Value |
|---|---|
| Patient-IdealBodyWeight(kg) | 75.3 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BloodFlow(L/min) | 5.80 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletOxygenSaturation | 0.700 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletOxygenSaturation | 0.997 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungOxygenContribution(mL/min) | 235 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-MembraneLungCarbonDioxideContribution(mL/min) | 124 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HemoglobinConcentration(g/dL) | 8.24 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-SweepGasFlow(L/min) | 2.00 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-HydraulicTransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 452 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-InletPressure(mmHg) | 308 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-OutletPressure(mmHg) | 212 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-DrainagePressure(mmHg) | -93.4 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-TransmembranePressureGradient(mmHg) | 96.7 |
| ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenationDevice-BagVolume(mL) | 500 |
| MechanicalVentilator-AirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 9.02 |
| MechanicalVentilator-BreathState | 6.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-DynamicRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 20.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.0178 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 13.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenFraction | 0.386 |
| MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenPressure(mmHg) | 296 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-ExtrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryExpiratoryRatio | 1.00 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryFlow(L/min) | -10.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 13.1 |
| MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryTidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-IntrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 0.281 |
| MechanicalVentilator-LeakFraction | 2.92e-13 |
| MechanicalVentilator-MeanAirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 10.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakExpiratoryFlow(L/min) | 13.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryFlow(L/min) | 6.60 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 14.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-PlateauPressure(cmH2O) | 12.7 |
| MechanicalVentilator-RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| MechanicalVentilator-StaticRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 30.4 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalLungVolume(mL) | 58.2 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 9.28 |
| MechanicalVentilator-TotalPulmonaryVentilation(L/min) | 3.14 |
| HeartRate(1/min) | 60.8 |
| HeartStrokeVolume(mL) | 117 |
| HeartEjectionFraction | 0.645 |
| BloodVolume(L) | 5.49 |
| ExtravascularFluidVolume(L) | 34.1 |
| MeanArterialPressure(mmHg) | 96.5 |
| SystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 123 |
| DiastolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 66.7 |
| CardiacOutput(L/min) | 7.11 |
| HemoglobinContent(g) | 450 |
| CentralVenousPressure(mmHg) | 3.31 |
| PulmonaryCapillariesWedgePressure(mmHg) | 8.43 |
| TidalVolume(mL) | 105 |
| RespirationRate(1/min) | 30.0 |
| OxygenSaturation | 0.983 |
| CarbonDioxideSaturation | 0.473 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction | 0.0326 |
| EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 25.0 |
| TotalAlveolarVentilation(L/min) | 0.00 |
| TranspulmonaryPressure(cmH2O) | 15.6 |
| CoreTemperature(degC) | 37.0 |
| SkinTemperature(degC) | 30.2 |
| RespiratoryExchangeRatio | 0.809 |
| OxygenConsumptionRate(mL/min) | 251 |
| CarbonDioxideProductionRate(mL/min) | 203 |
| GlomerularFiltrationRate(mL/min) | 122 |
| RenalBloodFlow(L/min) | 1.34 |
| UrineProductionRate(mL/min) | 0.932 |
| LeftAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0395 |
| RightAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL) | 0.0395 |
| SystemicVascularResistance(mmHg_s/mL) | 0.786 |
| BloodPH | 7.23 |
| HorowitzIndex(mmHg) | 318 |
| Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 123 |
| Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 58.7 |
| VenaCava-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 39.4 |
| VenaCava-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 65.1 |
| RightTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 3.95 |
| LeftTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L) | 3.95 |
| Oxygen-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | 18.8 |
| CarbonDioxide-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min) | 73.0 |
Scenario Output Plots
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