HemorrhageClass2Brachial

Description

25% blood loss (class 2 hemorrhage) from the brachial artery.

Segment Validation

Segment 1

Initiate a 60 ml/min hemorrhage from the right arm. Run for 1375s.

Table 1. Data request validation results for Segment 1.

Property Name	Validation	Engine Value	Percent Error	Percent Change	Notes
HeartRate(1/min)	GreaterThan Baseline (72.0) [152]	121		67.6%	Increase
MeanArterialPressure(mmHg)	EqualTo 76 [152]	43.0	55.5%		~80% Normal
BloodVolume(mL)	EqualTo 4125	4.20e+03	1.84%		Calculated
CardiacOutput(mL/min)	[3.64e+03,3.92e+03] [152]	2.11e+03	53.4%		~65-70% Normal
HeartStrokeVolume(mL)	LessThan Baseline (80.4) [152]	17.5		-78.3%	Decrease
HemoglobinContent(g)	EqualTo 620	617	0.502%		Calculated
RespirationRate(1/min)	EqualTo Baseline (12.0) [152]	9.84	19.8%		No Change

Figure 1. Vitals monitor for Segment 1.

Table 2. Data requests for Segment 1.

Property Name	Engine Value
Patient-Weight(kg)	75.8
HeartRate(1/min)	121
HeartStrokeVolume(mL)	17.5
HeartEjectionFraction	0.118
BloodVolume(L)	4.20
ExtravascularFluidVolume(L)	34.1
MeanArterialPressure(mmHg)	43.0
SystolicArterialPressure(mmHg)	48.2
DiastolicArterialPressure(mmHg)	38.2
CardiacOutput(L/min)	2.11
HemoglobinContent(g)	617
CentralVenousPressure(mmHg)	5.32
PulmonaryCapillariesWedgePressure(mmHg)	6.62
TidalVolume(mL)	448
RespirationRate(1/min)	9.84
OxygenSaturation	0.954
CarbonDioxideSaturation	0.0294
EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction	0.0462
EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg)	35.1
TotalAlveolarVentilation(L/min)	4.40
TranspulmonaryPressure(cmH2O)	6.78
CoreTemperature(degC)	37.3
SkinTemperature(degC)	32.3
RespiratoryExchangeRatio	0.843
OxygenConsumptionRate(mL/min)	324
CarbonDioxideProductionRate(mL/min)	273
GlomerularFiltrationRate(mL/min)	7.42
RenalBloodFlow(L/min)	0.371
UrineProductionRate(mL/min)	0.00
LeftAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL)	0.0531
RightAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL)	0.0531
SystemicVascularResistance(mmHg_s/mL)	1.07
Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg)	71.6
Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg)	38.0
VenaCava-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg)	20.8
VenaCava-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg)	47.8
RightTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L)	4.97
LeftTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L)	4.97
Oxygen-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min)	262
CarbonDioxide-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min)	-185
MyocardiumVasculature-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg)	9.64
BrainVasculature-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg)	19.0
MyocardiumVasculature-InFlow(mL/min)	89.1
BrainVasculature-InFlow(mL/min)	256
VenaCava-InFlow(mL/min)	2.14e+03
RightHeart-InFlow(mL/min)	5.32e+03
TotalHemorrhageRate(mL/s)	1.00
TotalHemorrhagedVolume(mL)	1.37e+03
BaroreceptorHeartRateScale	1.64
BaroreceptorHeartElastanceScale	0.205
BaroreceptorResistanceScale	1.13
BaroreceptorComplianceScale	0.909
ChemoreceptorHeartRateScale	3.91
ChemoreceptorHeartElastanceScale	1.00

Segment 2

Stop the hemorrhage. Run for 400s.

Table 3. Data request validation results for Segment 2.

Property Name	Validation	Engine Value	Percent Error	Percent Change	Notes
HeartRate(1/min)	GreaterThan Segment1 (121) [152]	119		-1.63%	Increase
MeanArterialPressure(mmHg)	GreaterThan Segment1 (43.0) [152]	70.0		62.8%	Increase
BloodVolume(mL)	EqualTo Segment1 (4.20e+03)	4.27e+03	1.58%		No Change
CardiacOutput(mL/min)	GreaterThan Segment1 (2.11e+03) [152]	3.69e+03		75.0%	Increase
HeartStrokeVolume(mL)	GreaterThan Segment1 (17.5) [152]	31.1		77.9%	Increase
HemoglobinContent(g)	EqualTo Segment1 (617)	617	0.000593%		No Change
RespirationRate(1/min)	EqualTo Segment1 (9.84)	13.8	33.3%		No Change

Figure 2. Vitals monitor for Segment 2.

Table 4. Data requests for Segment 1.

Property Name	Engine Value
Patient-Weight(kg)	75.8
HeartRate(1/min)	121
HeartStrokeVolume(mL)	17.5
HeartEjectionFraction	0.118
BloodVolume(L)	4.20
ExtravascularFluidVolume(L)	34.1
MeanArterialPressure(mmHg)	43.0
SystolicArterialPressure(mmHg)	48.2
DiastolicArterialPressure(mmHg)	38.2
CardiacOutput(L/min)	2.11
HemoglobinContent(g)	617
CentralVenousPressure(mmHg)	5.32
PulmonaryCapillariesWedgePressure(mmHg)	6.62
TidalVolume(mL)	448
RespirationRate(1/min)	9.84
OxygenSaturation	0.954
CarbonDioxideSaturation	0.0294
EndTidalCarbonDioxideFraction	0.0462
EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg)	35.1
TotalAlveolarVentilation(L/min)	4.40
TranspulmonaryPressure(cmH2O)	6.78
CoreTemperature(degC)	37.3
SkinTemperature(degC)	32.3
RespiratoryExchangeRatio	0.843
OxygenConsumptionRate(mL/min)	324
CarbonDioxideProductionRate(mL/min)	273
GlomerularFiltrationRate(mL/min)	7.42
RenalBloodFlow(L/min)	0.371
UrineProductionRate(mL/min)	0.00
LeftAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL)	0.0531
RightAfferentArterioleResistance(mmHg_min/mL)	0.0531
SystemicVascularResistance(mmHg_s/mL)	1.07
Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg)	71.6
Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg)	38.0
VenaCava-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg)	20.8
VenaCava-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg)	47.8
RightTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L)	4.97
LeftTubules-Sodium-Concentration(g/L)	4.97
Oxygen-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min)	262
CarbonDioxide-AlveolarTransfer(mL/min)	-185
MyocardiumVasculature-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg)	9.64
BrainVasculature-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg)	19.0
MyocardiumVasculature-InFlow(mL/min)	89.1
BrainVasculature-InFlow(mL/min)	256
VenaCava-InFlow(mL/min)	2.14e+03
RightHeart-InFlow(mL/min)	5.32e+03
TotalHemorrhageRate(mL/s)	1.00
TotalHemorrhagedVolume(mL)	1.37e+03
BaroreceptorHeartRateScale	1.64
BaroreceptorHeartElastanceScale	0.205
BaroreceptorResistanceScale	1.13
BaroreceptorComplianceScale	0.909
ChemoreceptorHeartRateScale	3.91
ChemoreceptorHeartElastanceScale	1.00

Scenario Output Plots

Figure 3. Select outputs from the scenario.