MechanicalVentilator-Healthy
MechanicalVentilatorHealthy
Description
A healthy male patient with a predicted body weight of 60 kg is mechanically ventilated. These are the data sources:
- Resistance: Inspiratory resistance (Rinsp) is assumed equal to expiratory resistance (Rexp), taken from Arnal et al [17] (Table 9).
- Compliance: Taken from Arnal et al [17] (Table 3).
- Dead space: Standard healthy values taken from the Kacmarek et al Fundamentals of Respiratory Care page 63 [184].
- Shunt: Standard healthy values taken from the Kacmarek et al Fundamentals of Respiratory Care page 68 [184].
- Ventilator Settings: All ventilator settings were takeng from Arnal et al [17] (Table 2) for a male patient aged 73 years and predicted body weight of 60 kg. Note that the mode for simulation is PC-CMV, which is equivalent to the mode used by Arnal et [17] for passive pateints. Equivalent settings for tidal volume, rate, and inspiratory time can be used for volume control simulations.
- Blood Gas Values: Standard healthy values taken from the Kacmarek et al Fundamentals of Respiratory Care [184].
Segment Validation
Segment 1
Ventilator settings are (VT Target = 7.4 mL/kg (ideal)):
Mode | VT (mL) | PIP (cmH2O) | Flow (L/min) | I:E | TI (s) | RR (bpm) | PEEP (cmH2O) | FiO2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PC-CMV | 444 | Adjust | NA | 0.6 | 1.3 | 17 | 5 | 0.26 |
Property Name | Validation | Engine Value | Percent Error | Percent Change | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
InspiratoryRespiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | EqualTo 10 [17] | 10.3 | 2.71% | Rinsp | |
ExpiratoryRespiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | EqualTo 10 [17] | 10.3 | 2.71% | Rexp | |
RespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | EqualTo 54 [230] | 54.2 | 0.342% | C | |
PhysiologicDeadSpaceTidalVolumeRatio | [0.200,0.400] [184] | 0.288 | 0.00% | VD/VT | |
ClinicalShuntFraction | LessThan 0.05 [184] | 0.0335 | -33.0% | QS/QT (determined from blood gas values) | |
MechanicalVentilator-TidalVolume(mL) | EqualTo 444 [17] | 432 | 2.63% | VT (measured) | |
BloodPH | [7.35,7.45] [184] | 7.40 | 0.00% | pH | |
Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | GreaterThan 75 [184] | 115 | 53.9% | PaO2 | |
Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | LessThan 45 [184] | 41.9 | -6.91% | PaCO2 | |
OxygenSaturation | GreaterThan 0.95 [184] | 0.986 | 3.80% | SpO2 | |
HorowitzIndex(mmHg) | [400,500] [184] | 445 | 0.00% | PaO2/FiO2 | |
HorowitzIndex(mmHg) | GreaterThan 300 [115] | 445 | 48.4% | PaO2/FiO2 |
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Property Name | Engine Value |
---|---|
Patient-Height(in) | 64.3 |
Patient-IdealBodyWeight(kg) | 60.0 |
InspiratoryRespiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 10.3 |
ExpiratoryRespiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 10.3 |
RespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 54.2 |
ClinicalPhysiologicDeadSpaceTidalVolumeRatio | 0.411 |
ClinicalShuntFraction | 0.0335 |
MechanicalVentilator-TidalVolume(L) | 0.432 |
BloodPH | 7.40 |
Aorta-Oxygen-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 115 |
Aorta-CarbonDioxide-PartialPressure(mmHg) | 41.9 |
Aorta-Bicarbonate-Molarity(mEq/L) | 26.0 |
OxygenSaturation | 0.986 |
HorowitzIndex(mmHg) | 445 |
IntrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 0.129 |
MechanicalVentilator-RespirationRate(1/min) | 16.9 |
MechanicalVentilator-MeanAirwayPressure(cmH2O) | 8.25 |
MechanicalVentilator-PeakInspiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 14.0 |
MechanicalVentilator-PlateauPressure(cmH2O) | 13.3 |
HeartRate(1/min) | 70.4 |
SystolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 114 |
DiastolicArterialPressure(mmHg) | 72.4 |
MechanicalVentilator-TotalPulmonaryVentilation(L/min) | 7.33 |
MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 10.3 |
MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 10.3 |
MechanicalVentilator-StaticRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 53.0 |
MechanicalVentilator-DynamicRespiratoryCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 48.1 |
MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 36.6 |
MechanicalVentilator-EndTidalOxygenPressure(mmHg) | 156 |
MechanicalVentilator-ExpiratoryTidalVolume(L) | 0.432 |
MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryExpiratoryRatio | 0.580 |
MechanicalVentilator-InspiratoryTidalVolume(L) | 0.432 |
MechanicalVentilator-PeakExpiratoryFlow(L/s) | 0.651 |
MechanicalVentilator-LeakFraction | 0.00 |
MechanicalVentilator-IntrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 0.133 |
MechanicalVentilator-ExtrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 5.00 |
MechanicalVentilator-TotalPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 5.13 |
PhysiologicDeadSpaceTidalVolumeRatio | 0.288 |
PhysiologicShuntFraction | 0.0344 |
TotalRespiratoryModelInspiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 10.3 |
TotalRespiratoryModelExpiratoryResistance(cmH2O_s/L) | 10.3 |
TotalRespiratoryModelCompliance(mL/cmH2O) | 67.1 |
ExtrinsicPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 5.00 |
TotalPositiveEndExpiratoryPressure(cmH2O) | 5.13 |
EndTidalCarbonDioxidePressure(mmHg) | 38.3 |
PhysiologicDeadSpace(mL) | 121 |
AlveolarArterialGradient(mmHg) | 38.9 |
AlveolarDeadSpace(mL) | 1.00 |
AnatomicDeadSpace(mL) | 120 |
ChestWallCompliance(L/cmH2O) | 0.142 |
FractionOfInspiredOxygen | 0.259 |
LungCompliance(L/cmH2O) | 0.0900 |
VentilationPerfusionRatio | 1.34 |
HeartStrokeVolume(mL) | 79.6 |
HeartEjectionFraction | 0.577 |
BloodVolume(L) | 4.15 |
MeanArterialPressure(mmHg) | 94.6 |
PulsePressure(mmHg) | 41.7 |
CardiacOutput(L/min) | 5.60 |
CarbonDioxideSaturation | 0.0279 |
RespiratoryExchangeRatio | 0.826 |
SystemicVascularResistance(mmHg_s/mL) | 0.964 |
OxygenConsumptionRate(mL/min) | 194 |
CarbonDioxideProductionRate(mL/min) | 160 |
Patient-AlveoliSurfaceArea(m^2) | 54.5 |
Patient-ExpiratoryReserveVolume(L) | 0.734 |
Patient-FunctionalResidualCapacity(L) | 1.57 |
Patient-InspiratoryCapacity(L) | 2.62 |
Patient-InspiratoryReserveVolume(L) | 2.19 |
Patient-ResidualVolume(L) | 0.839 |
Patient-TidalVolumeBaseline(L) | 0.434 |
Patient-TotalLungCapacity(L) | 4.19 |
Patient-VitalCapacity(L) | 3.35 |
Scenario Output Plots
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